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Cir. & cir ; 77(5): 407-410, sept.-oct. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-566465

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La agenesia del apéndice cecal es muy rara y fue descrita por primera vez por Morgagni en 1718. La incidencia estimada es de uno por cada 100 mil laparotomías realizadas por sospecha de apendicitis. Se informa este caso con la finalidad de atraer la atención de los cirujanos que se encuentren en situación similar durante la laparotomía. Caso clínico: Hombre de 48 años de edad admitido en la sala de urgencias por dolor abdominal de tipo vago, más notable en epigastrio y mesogastrio, el cual cuatro horas después de iniciado se localizó en la fosa iliaca derecha, acompañado de hiporexia, náusea, vómito y fiebre. A la exploración física se encontró paciente febril, taquicárdico, taquipneico, con peristaltismo disminuido, abdomen doloroso a la palpación y a la percusión en la fosa iliaca derecha. Signos apendiculares positivos. La biometría hemática indicó leucocitosis de 14 mil, neutrofilia (89.60 %) y linfopenia (5.33 %). Las radiografías simples de abdomen no mostraron anormalidades. Se formuló diagnóstico de probable apendicitis aguda, por lo que se efectuó celioscopia, identificándose agenesia apendicular tipo IV de Collins y adenitis mesentérica concomitante. Conclusiones: Se tienen que conocer varios criterios antes de concluir que el apéndice cecal está ausente de manera congénita. El diagnóstico no debe realizarse hasta que la regiones ileocecal y retrocecal hayan sido exploradas.


BACKGROUND: Agenesis of the vermiform appendix is very rare and was first described by Morgagni in 1718. The estimated incidence is 1/100,000 laparotomies performed for suspected appendicitis. This case is reported with the aim of attracting the attention of surgeons who may be in a similar situation during laparotomy. CLINICAL CASE: A 48-year-old male was admitted through the emergency room with the complaint of vague abdominal pain most marked in the epigastrium and mesogastrium which, 4 h after it began, was located in the right iliac fossa and was accompanied by hyporexia, nausea, vomiting and fever. During physical examination, the patient was febrile, tachycardic, and tachypneic, with decreased peristalsis, abdomen painful to palpation and percussion in the right iliac fossa. There were positive appendicular signs. Blood panel showed leukocytosis (14,000), neutrophilia (89.60%) and lymphopenia (5.33%). X-rays of the abdomen showed no abnormalities. We made a presumptive diagnosis of acute appendicitis and the patient underwent celioscopy where surgical findings were reported as type IV Collins appendiceal agenesis and concomitant mesenteric adenitis. CONCLUSIONS: Several criteria must be determined before the surgeon can conclude that the appendix is congenitally absent. Diagnosis should not be confirmed until the ileo- and retrocecal regions have been explored.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Appendix/abnormalities , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Mesenteric Lymphadenitis/diagnosis , Abdomen, Acute/etiology , Laparoscopy , Laparotomy , Mesenteric Lymphadenitis/complications , Mesenteric Lymphadenitis/surgery
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